اقوى منهجية صياغة نص انشائي باللغة الانجليزية الثانية 2 باكالوريا Writing 2 bac

اقوى منهجية صياغة نص انشائي باللغة الانجليزية الثانية 2 باكالوريا Writing 2 bac

الحمد لله، نحمدهُ ونستعينهُ ونستغفرهُ ونستهديهِ، ونعوذُ باللهِ من شرور أنفسنا

وسيئات أعمالنا من يهدهِ اللهُ فلا مضلَّ له، ومن يضلل فلا هادي له

وأشهد أن لا إله إلا الله وحده لا شريك له، وأشهد أنَّ محمداً عبده ورسوله

=========================

منهجية صياغة نص انشائي باللغة الانجليزية الثانية 2 باكالوريا Writing 2 bac

وبعد فموضوعي اليوم هو حول writing ونظرا لأهميته الكبيرة للجميع وخصوصا للمقبلين على الامتحانات في اللغة الانجليزية

ونظرا للصعوبات التي يجدها التلاميد في كتابة writing فهدا موضوعي اليوم والمتعلق بكتابة موضوع حول ظاهرة معينة كيفما كانت سيساعدكم بمشيئة الله على تجاوز تلك الصعوبات وحتى لا أطيل أكثر على بركة الله

نبدأ :

منهجية صياغة نص انشائي باللغة الانجليزية الثانية 2 باكالوريا Writing 2 bac

* طريقة الكتابة هي كالتالي :

عندما يتعلق نص الموضوع بظاهرة معينة أية ظاهرة مثلا الرشوة أو ظاهرة الشعودة أو ...

تبدأ بكتابة المقدمة على الشكل التالي

المقدمة

تعتبر ظاهرة ال ( تسمي الظاهرة) من الظواهر المتواجدة في مجتمعنا

the phenomenon(name of the phenomenon)is considered from the problems thatexist in our society

منهجية صياغة نص انشائي باللغة الانجليزية الثانية 2 باكالوريا Writing 2 bac

ثم تكمل مقدمتك بطرح سؤالين او ثلاثة اسئلة حول الأسباب والحلول والتي ستجيب عنها في العرض والتساؤل يمكن أن يكون عللى الشكل التالي :

فما هي ادن أسباب هده الظاهرة? وما هي الحلول الممكنة ?

ويمكن اعتماد التساؤل التالي

what are the reasons and possible solutions ? is there any solutions of

( name of the phenomenon)

منهجية صياغة نص انشائي باللغة الانجليزية الثانية 2 باكالوريا Writing 2 bac

العرض

حقا فهده الظاهرة أصبحت منتشرة بشكل متزايد وفي رأيي أن عدم وعي بعض الناس وعدم توعيتهم أيضا هي الأسباب الرئيسية وراء هدا المشكل

In effect ,this phenomenon has become increasingly spread

In my persnal opinion, Ibelive that the lack of konwledge and awarenss of some of the people

and the lack of outreach

منهجية صياغة نص انشائي باللغة الانجليزية الثانية 2 باكالوريا Writing 2 bac

وأقترح كحل ان يقوم كل من الاعلام وأيضا المتقفون بأدوارهم

i suggest that intellectual and the media must play its role to reduce the phenomenon of this topic

و يمكن ان نضيف حلولا أخرى كل حسب أفكاره وهكدا نكون قد أنهينا الجزء المتعلق بالعرض

منهجية صياغة نص انشائي باللغة الانجليزية الثانية 2 باكالوريا Writing 2 bac

الخاتمة

يمكن وهدا اقتراح مني أن نعبر في الخاتمة عن شعورنا أيضا يمكن أن نضع سؤالا يبقى مفتوحا والنمودج

منهجية صياغة نص انشائي باللغة الانجليزية الثانية 2 باكالوريا Writing 2 bac

هو كالتالي :

every phenomenon has reasons that has to be adjusted

كل واحد منا مطالب بالمساهمة في التغيير وترشيد كل السلوكات الغير معقولة

so, every person is obliged to participate in the rationalization of the 

irrational behavior

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منهجية صياغة نص انشائي باللغة الانجليزية الثانية 2 باكالوريا Writing 2 bac

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أهم دروس اللغة الإنجليزية ملخصة بشكل جميل مع أهم المصطلحات

أهم دروس اللغة الإنجليزية ملخصة بشكل جميل مع أهم المصطلحات

اقدم لكم احسن الملخصات للدروس للباكالوريا في مادة اللغة الإنجليزية 

اللغة الإنجليزية ملخصة بشكل جيد جداا

لتحميل الملف اضغط هنــــــــا

المرجو الرد على الموضوع و شكراااا

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email marketing services

email marketing services 

• Sending email messages with the purpose of enhancing the relationship of a merchant with its current or previous customers, to encourage customer loyalty and repeat business.
• email marketing services is directly marketing a commercial message to a group of people using email. In its broadest sense, every email sent to a potential or current customer could be considered email marketing. It usually involves using email to send ads, request business, or solicit sales or donations, and is meant to build loyalty, trust, or brand awareness.email marketing services can be done to either sold lists or current customer database. Broadly, the term is usually used to refer to:
• Sending email messages with the purpose of acquiring new customers or convincing current customers to purchase something immediately.
• Adding advertisements to email messages sent by other companies to their customers.
• Researchers estimate that United States firms alone spent US $1.51 billion on email marketing services in 2011 and will grow to $2.468 billion by 2016.[1]
• 
  

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مجموعة من writings لأصحاب الباكالوريا

: Free time وقت الفراغ

On school days I don't get long free time because of too much homework I have to do. I usually get two free hours every day. Then I can do what I like. I thing that watching T.V programmers is more interesting than watching video films. In my opinion, I think reading magazine is enjoyable and it's boring to read books and newspaper. I like to spend my holiday with my family; we usually go together to shopping center and some times to the cinema. On weekend, I prefer to visit my friend and spend lovely time with hear in her house.

: Wild lifeالحياه في البريه

Whales are found in most seas, but all the large species of whales are in danger of becoming extinct. Although whales are protected by the international agreement, they are hunted by the whaling countries Japan, Norway and others for their oil and whale's oil and musk, pet food and fertilizers. How caught whales are cashed by fast catcher boats then are killed with weapons, guns. After that they are taken to factory ships.\\Finally they are cut up *****d and turned in to oil.

: A letter to a partyرساله دعوه لرحله

Dear hanan,

I am inviting some friends on my birthday party next week on friend night, at 8 pm in my house.//It's going to be an amazing birthday party. There will be some music equipment which we are going to play on, so we can sing and dance. //At the end of the party, we are going to get out to garden to play and grill some steaks. //So you are invited to my birthday party, if you want to bring your small sister because there will be a funny clown and some thing to children.

See you soon.

: Childhood memoriesذكريات الطفوله

When I was eight I used to live in the same house as I do now. ALi, Mohammed, and Noor used to be my best friends. I used to like chocolate, Pizza and ice cream, but I didn't used to like fish or rice and I never used to drink milk. Barbie used to be my favorite toy, which I like to spend long time playing with it. The water garden, Adari park and Salmania park used to be my favorite places. //But I used to hate to go to school and hospitals. When I was little I used to like riding bikes. Swimming and watching T.V and I always wanted to be a doctor.

: Responsibilities at homeالمسؤليات في المنزل

Every person in this world has lots of responsibilities to do and I am one of them. For example I have to look after my little sister and help my younger sister with her homework. I also have to give my father the shopping list and I have to do lots of homework. Some times I have to help my mother with *****ng and shopping but I don't have to wash the dishes or to clean the garden. In my opinion I think it's good to have responsibilities because this will help me in future when I have my own houses and kids.\\ I don't always fulfill my responsibilities because I sometime have lots of homework to do. When this happens my mother shouts at me.

: My dream roomغرفه النوم

I am a 15 years old student, which always dreams of having her own bedroom. //I thinks my bedroom is going to be big and blue. It's going to have tow windows with white curtains. My bed is going to be decorated with blue fish. //In my bedroom, there will be a T.V and stereo system, so I can listen to music while reading. I am going to home a big swimming pool in my bathroom, with a lot of toys. //My room is going to be always clean and comfortable as well.

: A letter about planning a tripدعوه رحله الى مخيم (صحراء)

Dear Mohammed,

Hi how are you? It's a long since you wrote to me. I miss you so much. I am writing this letter to tell you about my next Friday. My friend and we are going to the desert for a bout three days. We are taking a ten. Some sleeping bogs, some food drinks with us. I am going to talk my calotte player and the camera as well. //We are playing to do many thing like slinging, dancing, taking some photos and *****ng. I am sure we are going to have a nice time to gather. I hope you can come.

: shcoolالمدرسة

My name is Hassan. I study at a secondary school. I like my school but I so me times feel bored. For me the most interesting subject is geography because you can learn about other people in other countries. English however is the most useful. I need it for my future career. Arabic is so boring that I sometime fall a sleep in the class. But the most enjoy able subject is sport it is the easiest also. I des like maths. My school is modern and nice. I really enjoy the break time with my friends end the visits to the museum with the teacher.

: holidayالعطلة

Last week I visited the national park in lganda. It is a nice place to see the animals, the different birds, monkeys ..... I stayed in a small comfortable d hut by the river side. the viem was breath-leaking and the 3o meters high waterfall were great. I took aired on a small boot to see the hippos and crocodiles. I also droved jeep with a ranger who told me a lot about the lion and the monkey. During the night the weather was great as it was the dry season and so we steady by the campfire ate grilled fish and listened to the stories of the rangers about the poachers. The trip was great. We really enjoyed and I made new friends

هذه قطعة عن بيت الأحلام.....My Dream House

I have many. I have always dreamt of becoming a businessman one day, with a lot of money, a fancy car and a wonderful house.

My dream house is a palace like; for from the noise and pollution of the city. My house is two – storey building with spare bedrooms for my friends to stay. I equipped with central

AC. There is also indoor, swimming pool.

Last but not least, my dream house is surroded by beautiful garden. The living

room is equipped with Hi-Fi and sound system

شخص يدرس ويعمل

Hani is a student in Ahmed ALomran secondary school. He is sixteen years old. He has apart-time job in a supermarket. He is a cashier. He works for eight hours a day after he finishes school. He earns money, which he needs to help his family.

The problem he face is that he gets tired every day after he finishes his work. He doesn’t have enough time to do his homework. He gets lower marks in his exams. He fined it difficult to combine between job and school. He usually studies at work. He missed his friends and the school activities.

Hani wants to work as doctor in the future. He works because he needs the money at the moment. Most of his money goes to his family but he uses some to by cloths and CDs. I think that he is success. It is work gives hem self respect.

العنوان: القمامة Rubbish in school

In Bahrain, as in most countries in the world. People care little about waste, pollution and running the environment. They usually get rid of their rubbish everywhere. Is it the same inside schools? Unfortunately the answer is yes. First of all, we should know the ingredients of the rubbish is school waste paper used books and not books, use less pens left-over food, empty soft drinks cans and plastic bags are common waste in our school. Even though the school provides trashcans, most students end net to use them regularly. The result is that waste can seen all over the places inside the school.

Now the important question is whether rubbish is separated for recycling. The answer is yes and no while soft drinks cans are collected by school workers for recycling, waste paper is after collected be throw away.

Last but not least, I’ve lived that recycling the soft drinks can is appositive pveca dure, but recycling the school waste paper can be very profitable, as well. In addition, I a duise students use the trash cans and keep our school and healthy.

رحلة موسفة

Last weekend we decided to go an a picnic. I went with my friends we started to collect the money to buy the food and the drinks; we went there by one my friends’ car. We started our journey early in the morning. The trip took half on hour. We arrived there at nine o’clock.

Suddenly the weather over turned. The sky turned dark, a storm blew and heavy rain poured. We couldn’t get out of our room. We spent most of the day placing cards, watching T.V and listening to the songs. In the evening we collected our belonging and drove back to the city.

We arrived to the city. Every one went to his house. We were so un happy because we couldn’t swim or play on the beach. I hope that weather will be fine next time. We arranged to have another picnic next month.

رسالة إلى صديق

Dear Ali,

Hello. I hope you’re doing very well. I’ve decided to write this letter to you to tell you about what I’ve been doing recently. I’ve gone with my family to one of the biggest zoo in London and we’re san various kinds of animals. We had a great time I’ve also given on avulse ship with some of my friends.

أصدقاء (رحله. حادثه موسفة)

Two boys set out on a picnic in the morning. The weather was nice and the sky was clear. They were taking some food with them. They didn’t have a compass.

As soon as they arrived at the desert where they wanted to explore the place, the weather change and came over cast. It begins to rain heavily. They got lost in the desert. They didn’t know the directions. The time passed and they were very tired. The food supply was over and they had little water. They took a ****ter of old house.

In the evening a rescue team set out search for them. The team found them after along time of searching. The boys were very exhausted and sick. They were taken to the hospital he here their parents were waiting for them. They said that it was very exciting experience in their life

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تحميل دروس باك حر 2013 العربية و الإنجليزية و التربية اسلامية والفرنسية

تحميل دروس باك حر 2013  العربية و الإنجليزية و التربية اسلامية والفرنسية 

هام لأصحاب امتحان الباكالوريا 

جميع الدروس 

  العربية و الإنجليزية و التربية اسلامية والفرنسية 

الدروس محملة من طرف موقع دروس فور 

حمل دروس اللغة العربية 

من هنـــــــــــا

حمل دروس التربية الإسلامية 

من هنـــــــــــا

حمل دروس اللغة الفرنسية 

من هنـــــــــا

حمل دروس اللغة الإنجليزية 

من هنـــــــــا

باسوورد فك الضغط هو 

www.doros4.com

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ملخصات روعـــة لــدروس الانجليـزيـــــة للسنة الثانية باك

ملخصات روعـــة لــدروس الانجليـزيـــــة للسنة الثانية باكبسم الله الرحمان الرحيم

، الحمد لله رب العالمين و الصلاة و السلام الأتمان
الأكملان على المبعوث رحمة للعالمين محمد بن عبد الله الصادق الأمين و على
من تبعه بإحسان إلى يوم الدين أما بعد ،
ملخصات روعـــة لــدروس الانجليـزيـــــة للسنة الثانية باك . و السلام عليكم و رحمة الله و بركاته.التحميل:Telecharger

شكراالدروس مقدمة لأخ احمد
و بالتوفيق للجميع
في أمان الله

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شرح مفصل لدروس انجليزية الباكلوريا المقرر الجديد learn english

دروس الانجليزية بالنسبة لطلبة الباكلوريا في المغرب

معتمدة دروس المقرر الجديد لكتاب

Insights into English

تشجيعاتكم هي الضمان لاستمرار هذا العمل المتواضع

نشرع في الدروس بحول الله وقوته

UNIT 1:CULTURAL ISSUES AND VALUES

الدرس الأول :

Cultural Issues

قضايا ثقافية

أهم المفردات التي يجب التنبه لها فينصوص الصفحة 10

Human societies :المجتمعات البشرية

common beliefs :المعتقدات السائدة أوالمشتركة

handded down/passed on /Inherited : تثوارت/ تنتقل من جيللاخر

Similar backgrounds : خلفيات ثقافيةمتشابهة

النص 2 الصفحة 11

أهم المفردات التي يجب التنبهلها في نصوص الصفحة 11

patterns of behaviour : أشكالالسلوك

ways of Living : أنماط الحياة

not within the norm : لا يذخل ضمن المعتاد -في مايخص سلوكاتنا-

distancing is cultural-specific : التباعد - التحفظ عند السلام- هو خاص بكل ثقافة

to abide by the rules : يتقيد/يلتزمبالقواعد

behave wrongly :يتصرف بشكل خاطئ

Healthy behaviour : التصرف السليم

conscious of cross-cultural similarities : أنتكون واع بالتشابهات بين الثقافات المختلفة

Key to understanding an dtolerance : هو الحل للتفاهم و التسامح

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Use English Communicatively

Asking for , giving and responding to advice

طلب النصيحة’اعطاء النصيحة والرد عليها

هنا كعدة طرق لطلب النصيحة لاعطائها أوالردعليها

وفي مايلي أمثلة على ذلك.بالنسبة للامتحان يكفي معرفة مثال أو مثالين

من كصيغة -طلب/اعطاء/ الرد/ask/give/respond

شرح مفصل لدروس انجليزية الباكلوريا  المقرر الجديد

Responding for advice

الرد على النصيحة

Giving for advice

اعطاء النصيحة

Asking for advice

طلب النصيحة

that's a good idea

sounds like a good idea

......thanks for your advice , but i really

i think you should

may be you should

?.....why don't you

?....what would you do if

?what do you suggest

?what do you think i should do

أمثلة: A friend of yours wants to give up smoking,

give him advice to help him with that

صديقلك يعاني من التدخين و يطلب نصيحتك للاقلاع عن التدخين

?your friend:what do you think i should do to stop smoking

you: i think you should give up going out with smoking friends

your friend: sounds like a good idea

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درس القواعد للوحدة الأولى

التمييز بين Past Perfect و SimplePast

Pastperfectهو الزمان المستعمل للحديث عن الماضي البعيد المقترن بماضي قريب.

مثال على ذلك: 

Tom went to sleep after the guests hadgone

ذهب Tom للنوم بعدما انصرف الضيوف-guests -

« Tom went to sleep »هي جملة في الماضي القريب Simple pastحيث إن ماضي الفعل goهو went

« The guests had gone »هي جملة في الماضي البعيد - past perfect- حيث إن الماضي البعيد ل goهو had gone

الماضي البعيد لأي فعل هوtheverbHad + past participle ofthe verb

اي Had + صيغة النعت للفعل - past participle -

امثل:

Verb فعل 

Simple past صيغة ماضي الفعل 

Past participle صيغة النعت

Be

Was- were

Had been

Go

Went

Had gone

Forget

Forgot

Hadforgotten

Walk

Walked

Had walked

Decide

Decided

Had decided

جميع الأفعال المنتظمة - regular verbs - مثل walk و decide لها نفس الصيغة المشابهة في صيغة نعت الفعل أي نضيف فقط ed للفعل 

امثل: 

You had studied English before youmoved to New York 

درست الانجليزية قبل انتقالك إلى نيويورك

You had studied English هي صيغة الماضي البعيد pastperfect 

السابقة في الزمان ل صيغة الماضي القريب 

Moved to NewYork

ملخص: Past Perfect هو الزمان المستعمل للحديث عن حدث وقع في الماضي قبل حدث أخر في الماضي.

حيث أن الحدث الأول - الماضي البعيد- نضعه في صيغة 

Past Perfectو الحدث الذي يأتي بعده في صيغة Simple Past . 

شكل أل Past Perfect هو دائما Had + Past participle

جدول توضيحي لكل ماقلته + أمثلة بالانجليزية :

a - كان Sam قد انصرف في الوقت الذي وصلت فيه Ann هي الجملة السابقة في الزمان إذا نضعها في صيغة pastperfect --- - Sam had already left

b - دخل اللص بسهولة لأن أحدا نسي أن يغلق الباب 

- someone had forgotten to lock thedoor هي الجملة السابقة في الزمان إذا نضعها في صيغة - -- past perfect

هناك إشارات دالة على استعمال أل Pastperfect -- هي:

never / by the time/ Before/after /just/ yet /not yet /already

Phrasel Verbs

هناك أفعال خاصة فيالإنجليزية تدعىبPhrasel verbs وهي عبارة عن فعل + حرفجر

حرف الجر هذا يغير منمعنى الفعل تماما عندما يتغير. سأعطي مثالا على ذلك بالفعلLook مع حروف جرمختلفة

Look at = أنظرإلى

EX: She looks at him and smiles 

Look after = تعتني

EX: The mother looks after her child

Look for = يبحث

EX: They look for a place to park their car

كما ترون بتغير حرف الجر يتغير المعنى

--------------------------------------------------

في الكتاب المدرسي الصفحة 24 هناك مجموعة من الأفعال كلها تأتي مع حرف الجرThrough

في مايلي تجدون جميع أفعال الصفحة 24 مع حرف الجر Through مع أعطاء أمثلة عن كلفعل

Get through to sb = communicate with 

أن تفهم شخص شيء ما

to succeed in making someone understand or believe something 

I just don't seem to be able to get through to him these days.[Often negative]

Get through to sth = pass 

أن تنجح

to succeed in reaching the next stage in a competition 

If they win this they'll get through to the final

I didn't even get through to the second interview stage

Go through sth = Repeat

أن تقرأ/ تمحص/ أو تدرس شيء بتمعن / أنتكرر

To carefully examine the *******s of something in order to find something 

EX:Customs officers went through her suitcase looking for drugs

Pull through = recover/survive

يتعافى/ينجو

He pulled through his illness

Look through : read

تلقي نظرة

To read something quickly and not very carefully 

Could you look through these figures and see if I've made any obvious errors

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أهممفردات النص صفحة 27 من الوحدة الثانية

"They are not only the future, they are also the present

كيفية التعامل معالمفردات:

أكبر تحدي لطلبة الباكلوريا هو كثرة المفرداتالجديدة وأنا أقترح أن يقوم الطلبة بوضع كل المفردات في جمل بسيطة من إنشائهموجعلها في دفتر خاص للمراجعة

The text : They are not only the future, they are also the present

Approximately 

Roughly تقريبا

To be concerned about

أن تكون قلق أو مهتمب

Youth issues

قضاياالشباب

Heterogeneous group

فئة غير متجانسة

A vital force

قوة فعالة

To have higher aspirations 

أن تكون لك آمالعريضة

To empower 

ندعم/ نقوي

Resourceful citizens

مواطنونموهوبون

To voice one’s opinion

أن تعبر عنرأيك

To be constructively critical 

أن يكون لك نقد بناء

Equal citizens 

مواطنون متساوون

To play a determining role 

أن تلعب دورا حاسما

Reliable partners 

شركاء يعتمد عليهم

The gifts of youth

عطايا/مواهبالشباب

Shouldn’t go by unnoticed

لا يجب أن تمر دون اهتمام/ اكثرات

-------------------------

درس القواعد : I wish/ If only

------------------------

PROVERBS

صفحة 36 –الوحدةالثانية-

Knowledge in youth is wisdom inage

معرفة الصغر حكمة الكبر

Youth development will be brought about byYouth

تطور الشباب نتاج عمل الشباب

Adolescence issmoke

عمر الشباب كالدخان-ينقضي كالدخان بعد حين-

What is learned in Youth is carved instone

التعلم في الصغر كالنقش علىالحجر

تتمة :

I wish/ Ifonly

اليوم نركز في الجزء الثاني على استعمالات I wish / If only للدلالة على أمنية a wish أو حصره If only على شيء حصل أو لم يحصل في الماضي.

خذ معي هذا المثال: رجل فاته موعد الطائرة البارحة ويتمنى على نفسه إن كان بمقدوره اللحاق به, فيقول:

I wish I had caughtmy planeyesterday

أتمنى لو كنت لحقت الطائرة البارحة(واقع الحال أنه لم يلحق موعده)

If only I had caughtmy planeyesterday

آه, لو كنت لحقت الطائرة البارحة(واقع الحال أنه لم يلحق موعده)

مثال آخر: شاب رسب في امتحان السنة الماضية ويتمنى على نفسه انه كان نجح فيقول:

If only I had succeededlast year

آه, لو كنت نجحت السنة الفارطة

I wish I had succeededlast year

أتمنى لو كنت نجحت السنة الفارطة

لاحظ معي شكل الجملة عند الدلالة على أمنية a wish أو حصره If only على شيء حصل أو لم يحصل في الماضي. الشكل يأتي دائما:

I wish +had +verb in the pastparticiple

If only +had+ verb in the pastparticiple

لاحظ أمثلة أخرى:

I wish I had paid that bill ontime

I wish I hadn’t bought thatcar

لاحظ الماضي التام(The past perfect ) للأفعال المستعملة :

Pay ---- had paid

Buy----- had bought

ملخص بالإنجليزية كامل لما ماقلته عن I wsih حتى اللأن في حالة الدلالة على المضارع والماضي :

The verb to wish

The verb to wish is followed by an 'unreal' past tense when we want to talk about situations in the present that we are not happy about but cannot change

I wish I had more money =but I haven't

She wishes she was beautiful (= but she's not

We wish we could come to your party =(but we can't

When we want to talk about situations in the past that we are not happy about or actions that we regret, we use the verb to wish followed by the past perfect

I wish I hadn't said that (= but I did

He wishes he hadn't bought the car (= but he did buy it

I wish I had taken that job in New York (= but I didn't, so I'm stuck in Bristol

_________________

أهممفردات نصوص الصفحة 47 – الوحدة الثالثة-

Shape : to cause (something) to have a particular character or nature; form 

تشكل

To be scientifically literate

أن تكون لك معرفةعلمية

To have well -reasoned views

أن تكون لك آراءمعقولة

To identify pseudo-scientific claims

التحقق من الادعاءاتالعلمية الزائفة

Literate citizens

مواطنينمتعلمين

Beneficial

نافع

Think critically

التفكير بشكلنقدي

---------------------------------

EXPRESSIONS OF PURPOSE

عبارات التعبير عن الغرض ص49

So / so as to / in order to

* We use so / so as to / in order to , to express purpose

Example 

?A: Why did you call him

B: I called him in order to / so as to / to invite him

* The negatives are not to / in order not to / so as not to 

Example 

I called him not to congratulate him, but to invite him

------------------------ 

هنا تجدون نص الصفحة 50 من وحدة Advancesin Science and Technology

Insights into English: Text page 50

PART A:

Advancesin technology have changed the way we live and communicate, but no breakthroughhas revolutionized life as the advent of the « wireless ». In the 1980’s, telephones were stuck to walls. , facts were found in books and people had tobrowse shelves in a record store if they wanted to buy the latest music. Now,access to all of that and more is found by just reaching into our pockets. Withnew mobile technology and wireless technologies, information has become easilyaccessible. In the Information Age having immediate access to data isfundamental to progress. In some cases the advances are serving to overhaulindustries at a very fast pace. The internet has allowed music lovers to changethe way music industry does business. Text messaging over cell phones has madewritten communication more immediate. How many text messages have you senttoday? Having a com****r in almost every home was instrumental to this massivetechnology change. Now, having com****r access is available everywhere- well, almost everywhere. And just as com****r use worldwide is exploding, the brainsbehind them – the processors- are getting smaller. Today, a tiny com****r chipcan hold huge amounts of data. We can now store tons of information in a cellphone a digital camera and have them at our disposaleverywhere. When theinternet age dawned, the World Wide Web looked entirely unproblematic. Todayhowever, we face online scams and viruses

--xx--ingyour entertainmentexperience

Technological advances have also transformedthe entertainment industry. Satellite television and radio give us more choices. The development of the remote control allows us to access our preferredchannels. Video game technology has made great strides, too

Breakthrough = an important discovery orevent

The wireless was an important breakthrough inscience

حدث مهم

2- Fundamental = Important

Scientific research is fundamental to progress

مهم/ جوهري

3- Online scams: online fraud

Online scamis a major problem forinternet for online shoppers

عملية احتيال

4 - To make strides = to make headways/ to makeprogress

أن تحقق تقدما مهما

2

PART A:

Looking into thefuture

Manylife-changing innovations have been made in scientific laboratories. Researchershave decoded the genetic make-up of many organisms, which led to advances inbiotechnology, the science of manipulating and organism’s genetic material. DNAtesting and forensic science has made it extremely possible to reunite anunidentified baby with his parents after a natural disaster, for example.Amazing new technologies are changing the way crimes are investigated andsolved. Scientists are making headways in biometrics, which is the science ofdigitizing information such as fingerprints or facial features for accurateidentification

Making advances

Hybrid vehicles – thosevehicles that use at least two power sources, typically gasoline and electricitywill soon be on the market everywhere. The compact fluorescent light bulb is low -tech. Yet, it has revolutionized the quality of life. It is one of the mostsuccessful energy- saving devices developed to date. There are advances ineverything. From banking to shopping to investing, technology and the internetare transforming the way we conduct our global banking and financing. Bankcustomers can see everything from their checking account and savings account tohome mortgages and credit cards. Now they can do all of that 24 hours a day,seven days a week from their own homes. Breakthroughs in defense technologychanged the face of warfare. Smart bombs are guided to their targets bysatellites. Robots are used to disarm bombs. Laser technology is applied inmedicine and CD and DVD recording and playback. In space exploration, unmannedspacecraft have landed on Mars. The sky’s the limit for new technologyindustries!!

الأجوبة على أسئلة النص

For instance= forexample

To make headways= tomake progress

Biometrics= scienceof digitizing information

Hybrid vehicles= avehicle that uses two sources of power; gasoline andelectricity

Home mortgages= agreement that allows you to borrow money from a bank to buy ahouse

قرض عقاري

Text Col********s page 50

Part A

Col********s

Col********sare: the way in which somewords are used

together

For example: commit a crime

في الإنجليزية هناك كلمات تأتي دائما في الكلام مع بعضها البعض وتسمىcol********

اليوم ندرس بعض من هذه الكلمات التي 

في نص ص 50 من كتاب

Insights Into English

Verb+adjective+ noun

Adjective + Noun

Noun+Noun

Adverb+ Adjective

-To have immediate access

-To have com****r access

-To make great strides

-Wireless world

-Mobile technology

-Digital camera

-Online scams

-Technological advances

-The remote control

-Record store

-The information age

-Music industry

-Music lovers

-Entertainment industry

-Satellite television

-Easily accessible

Part B

Verb+adjective+ noun

Adjective + Noun

Noun+Noun

Adverb+ Adjective

- to make extremely possible

-to make headways

-life-changing innovations

-scientific laboratories

- forensic science

-natural disaster

- -hybrid vehicles

-- facial features

- unmanned spacecraft

-power sources

-bank customers

-savings account

-credit cards

-home mortgages

-defence technology

-smart bombs

-laser technology

الشروحات

To have immediate access

أن يكون لك حق استعمال شيء بشكل فوري 

EX/ Thanks to the internet, people have immediate access to data

To have com****r access

أن يكون لك حق استعمال الإنترنيت 

EX/Most young people have com****r access in their cities

To make great strides

أن تحرز تقدما مهما 

EX/ Scientists made great strides in technological sciences

Wireless world

عالم ألاسلكي 

EX/They made great strides in wireless world technology

Scientific laboratories

المختبرات العلمية

Digital camera

الكاميرا الرقمية

Forensic science

العلم الشرعي 

EX/ Great advances have been made in Forensic sciences

Online scams

عمليات احتيال على الإنترنيت

Natural disaster

كارثة طبيعية 

EX/ The Tsunami in Asia was a major Natural disaster

Technological advances

التطورات التكنولوجية

The remote control

التحكم عن بعد

Record store

محل الأسطوانات الموسيقية

The information age

عصر المعلومات 

EX/ The 21 st century is an information age century

Entertainment industry

صناعة التسلية 

EX/ World Disney is an example of entertainment industry

Easily accessible

يمكن الوصول إليه بسهولة 

EX/ With satellite TV watching films is easily accessible

To make extremely possible

أن تجعل الشيء ممكنا لأبعد الحدود 

EX/ The internet has made it extremely possible for students to access information

To make headways

أن تحرز تقدما كبير

Life-changing innovations

ابتكارات تغير الحياة

Unmanned spacecraft

مركبة بدون طيار

Savings account

حساب المدخرات 

Defence technology

تكنولوجيا الدفاع 

Smart bombs

القنابل الذكية 

Laser technology

تكنولوجيا الليزر

-----------------------

Making Complaints about behaviour 

:There are a number of formulas used when complaining in English

هناك العديد من العبارات نستعملها لنشتكي من سلوك أحد أو الرد على الشكوى

التشكي من سلوكأحد

· I'm sorry to have to say this but... 

· I'm sorry to bother you, but... 

· Maybe you forgot to... 

· I hate to mention this but …

· Would you please stop …

الرد على الشكوى

· I'm very sorry .

· I’m terribly sorry

· I’m awfully sorry

· I see no reason why I should do/stop……

:Examples

أمثلة

- Complaint: I am sorry to have to say that but you are making too much noise in the room

- Response: I’ m terribly sorry

- Complaint: I hate to mention this but you are always late for work

- Response: I see no reason why I should come early while all the clerks come late, too.

-------------------

درسLetter of complaint :writing

رسالة تشكي حول شيء اشتريته ووجدتبه خلل

Dear Sir or Madam,

On 23 d of April this year I bought an HP pentuim4 com****r with the serial 410 workstation at your com****r store

Unfortunately, your com****r has not performed well because it keeps shutting itself down and the keyboard remains inactive. I am disappointed because the product does not work properly

To resolve the problem, I would appreciate that you send someone to help repair the above mentioned com****r or else be sent my money back. Enclosed are copies of the guarantee, as well as the com****r bill price

I look forward to your reply and a resolution to my problem, and will wait until the end of this week before seeking help from a consumer protection agency or the Better Business Bureau. Please contact me at the above address or by phone at home

Sincerely,

Your name 

-------------------------------

درس الصفحة 56

Modals: Expressing degrees of certainty

الأفعال المساعدة للتعبير عن درجة اليقينية/ التأكد

"Degree of certainty" refers to how sure we are-what we think the chances are-that something is true. If we are sure that something is true in the present, we do not need to use a modal. For example, if I say, "Martha is sick," I am sure; I am stating a fact that I am sure. My degree of certainty here is 100%. If I am asked "Why isn't Martha in class?" and I am not sure of the reason, I can respond in the following ways:

للتعبير عن مدى أو درجة التأكد أو اليقينية في فعل شيء ما نستعمل عدة عبارات مع أفعال مساعدة. و فيما يلي أمثلة على ذلك

1She must be sick.

Here, I am 95% sure that she is (not 100%) 

تفيد التأكد بنسبة 95 في المئة Must

2She may be sick.

Here, I am 50% sure that she is

تفيد التأكد بنسبة 50 في المئة May

3She might be sick.

Here, I am less than 50% sure that she is

تفيد التأكد بنسبة أقل من 50 في المئة Might

4She could be sick.

Here, I am stating a mere guess. This is a very weak degree of certainty

أنا فقط أقدم افتراض أي أن درجة التأكد ضعيفة Could 

The Negative

أسلوب النفي

Forming such sentences in the negative can be confusing. Read these sentences

Maria is not hungry.

I am 100% sure that she is not hungry. 

كما في المثال فأنا متأكد مئة في المئة Verb to be عندما أستعمل

I don't know why Maria is not eating with us. She may

not (or might not) be hungry.

I am 50% or less certain that she is not hungry.

May not/ might not تفيد التأكد بنسبة 50 بالمئة

Maria cannot be hungry. She has just had diner.

Here, I believe that there is no possibility that Maria is hungry, but I am not 100% sure.

أعبر عن انعدام الإمكانية Can not هنا مع

Maria is not eating. She must not be hungry.

Here, I am expressing a logical conclusion, a best guess. 

أعبر عن استنتاج منطقي ومعقول Must not هنا مع

إذا أردنا التعبير عن درجة من التأكد في الماضي يجب استعمال الصيغ التالية

Modal verb + have + past participle

Examples

Maria didn’t attend the meeting. She must have been sick

لا حظ عندما أغير الجملة للمضارع the present 

Maria doesn’t attend the meeting. She must be sick

أي أننا نستعمل فقط الفعل المساعد المناسب

Could in the past

Could ماضي

Could is used to express ability in the past. Here it is

لتعبير عن القدرة على القيام بشيء في الماضي Could تستعمل 

For example: My girlfriend could lift the desk, but I could not.

--- This means that my girlfriend was able to lift the desk, but I was unable to.

I could play football when I was a kid.

----------------------

Phrasal verbs 

الأفعال العبارية

صفحة 56

Phrasal verbs أو الأفعال العبارية هي الأفعال التي تتكون من فعل + حرف جر

مثل Go up , Get along, keep on

اليوم سنرى بعض الأفعال العبارية المدرجة في الوحدة الثانية من كتا

IntoEnglishInsights

مع حروف الجر Up, down , along, across, on

Up: for increasing

تفيد الزيادة في الشيء 

:Ex

Prices have gone up

Up: for completion

تفيد إنهاء شيئ ما 

:Ex

!Drink your milk up

Down: for decreasing

تفيد النقصان 

:Ex

Prices have come down

Up and Down: for excitement interest and happiness

يفيداني الإثارة والإهتمام والفرح 

:Ex

Calm down

!Cheer up. Life is too short to be so unhappy

Along: for relationships

تفيد العلاقة

:Ex

I get along with my classmates

Across: so as to be understood or learned

تفيد الإيصال والإفهام 

Ex:

He couldn’tgetthe ideaacrosstothe students

On: for progress

تفيد الصيرورة والإستمرار 

:Ex

The work is good. Just keep on

-----------------

UNIT 4:WOMEN AND POWER

مفردات النصوص في الصفحة 62 من الوحدة 4

Goodwill ambassador

سفير النوايا الحسنة

To win a gold medal

أن تربح ميدالية ذهبية

Non- governmental organizations

المنظمات الغير حكومية

Peasant women

النساء المزارعات

Women laborers

النساء العاملات

Maidservants

الخادمات

To win an award

أن تربح جائزة

She earned a degree

نالت درجة/شهادة

A screenwriter

كاتبت سيناريو تلفزية

To struggle

أن تناضل

The independence Manifesto

عارضة الاستقلال

To set foot on the moon

تضع قدمك على سطح القمر

To raise Morocco ’s flag

أن ترفع العالم المغربي

---------------------

Strenghten Your Vocabulary

verbs that go with award and degree

صفحة 64

-----------------------

أهم مفردات النصوص الصفحة 65

Women working incredibly hard 

نساء يعملن بجدية لا يمكن تصورها/ تصديقها

They are outstanding performers

هن يؤدون –عملهم- بشكل ممتاز

To run a company

أن تدير شركة

I am for power-sharing

أن مع تقاسم السلطة

Key

مفتاح/ الحل

Assets

شيء لا غنى عنه

To rely upon

أن تعتمد على

Newsworthy

خبر يستحق الحديث عنه في الصحافة والجرائد

Upfront

صريح و مواجه للحقيقة

Women with high-ranking jobs

نساء دوي أعمال ومهن رفيعة المستوى

A good citizen

مواطن صالح

--------------------

Asking and Giving opinion

درس الصفحة 70

----------------------------

A complete list of irregular verbs for bac2 students 

لائحة الأفعال الغير المنتظمة بالنسبة لأصحاب الباكلوريا

لائحة شافية وكافية مع أمثلة في الأخير لبعض الأفعال الجديدة

لا تحتاج مع هذه اللائحة لأي لوائح أخرى

--------------------------------

أهم مفردات النص صفحة 66 من الوحدة 4

Remarkable Leila Abouzeid

To excel in

أن تتفوق في شيء

To autograph the books and novels

تضع أوتوغراف/ أو خاتم للكاتب على كتابه أو روايته

A gift

هدية/ عطية

A pioneer

سباقة/ الأولى في فعل شيء

To dedicate oneself to

أن تهب نفسك/ تتفرغ /للكتابة مثلا

To relate events of the story

لرواية أحداث القصة

Year of the elephant

أشهر روايات الكاتبة ليلى أبو زيد- عام الفيل-

The struggle against poverty 

النضال ضد الفقر/ محاربة الفقر

Conflicts within families

الصراعات داخل الأسر

A semi-autobiography

نصف/ شبه سيرة ذاتية

Worth reading

تستحق القراءة

----------------------------------

Reported Speech

Reported speech هو ما يعرف بالفرنسية ب STYLE INDIRECT 

أي أن شخص ما يقول شيء ويريد أخر أن يردد نفس الكلام بنسبه إلى صاحبه 

مثال على ذلك رئيس دولة يخطب لشعبه و يقول **سأوفر لكم العمل والأمان**

إذا أراد مذيع الأخبار إذاعة نفس الخبر في الأخبار فليس بامكانه القول ** سأوفر لكم العمل والأمان**

بل سيقول قال السيد الرئيس أنه سيوفر لكم العمل والأمان

أي أنه يطرأ على الجملة الأصلية بعض التغييرات و هذا ما يعرف ب 

REPORTED SPEECH

هذا الجدول يوضح جميع قواعد 

Reported speech 

في أحد صيغ الماضي عندما يكون فعل التقديم أو Reporting verb في صيغة الماضي

وكما هو واضح فان الفعل يتغير من

Present → Past

Simple past → past perfect

Present continuous → past continuous

Can → could

Shall → should

May → might

Will → would

Must → had to

I am going to → i was going to

هذه هي التغييرات المهمة في الدرس ولكن يجب الحذر من أنه عندما يكون الفعل التقديم في زمن من أزمنة المضارع فلا يجب تغيير زمن الجملة الأولى 

مثال 

“I am driving home” the driver says

The driver says he is drivinghome.

هنا نحتفظ بنفس الزمن – المضارع -

لا حظ عندما أغير الفعل التقدمي إلى الماضي 

« I am driving home » the driver said

The driversaid he was driving home

أي نطبق القواعد الموجودة بالجدول أي من المضارع إلى الماضي

بعض الأفعال التقديمية تستوجب تطبيق قواعد مغايرة

هذه الأفعال هي

Advise

Warn

Insist

Suggest

Offer

Examples 

« Take this medicine » the doctor advised his patient

The doctor advised his patient to takemedicine

نستعمل

to + infinitive

« Don’t stay out late at night » the doctor warnedhis patient

The doctor warned his patientnot to stay out late at night

نستعمل

Not to + infinitive

« I take those courses »thestudent insisted

The studentinsisted ontakingthose courses

نستعمل

On + veb+ing

“Why don’t you take some rest” the man suggested

The mansuggested that youshould take some rest

Suggest that + should

“I will help you “the teacher offered

The teacher offered tohelp

Offered + to + infinitive

----------------------

Under Creative Commons License: Attribution

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